can you swim at kalalau beach
The trail narrows to a couple of feet in some sections with a sheer cliff on one side and a steep drop to the Pacific on the other. If you are lucky enough to witness this, they are not in distress, and should not be approached or bothered. Heres the thing youre in the middle of nowhere out here. As you walk down the beach youll encounter several caves. And I apologize to LosAngelosAnd, I was wrong for misinterpreting their inquiry. Video Shows Tourists Almost Lose Kids To Huge Waves at The Eddie While Ignoring Lifeguard Pleas To Get Back, Heres How To Visit Niihau, Hawaiis Forbidden Island, The 17 Most Underrated Honeymoon Destinations in the US, The 13 Best Places To Go Hiking in Hawaii, The Worlds Most Dangerous Footpath Is Now Totally Safe To Hike, Abiqua Falls Is a Secret Waterfall Hidden Deep in the Oregon Forest, Best Hikes With Stunning Views in the Ozark Mountains, 7 Easy Hikes on Oahu, Hawaii, That Are Perfect for Kids. Both green sea turtles and monk seals haul out on the beaches during the day to rest and warm themselves in the sun. We didn't GPS it or anything but the open ocean swim along the rocky coast felt like a good 350-400 yards. They often sell out and some people make reservations up to a year in advance. This remote wilderness area is accessible on foot (or by boat) only. var el = document.getElementById('sf'); Also, there are strong rip and alongshore currents, which may be difficult to spot, even if the ocean appears calm. Start the hike as early as possible so you're ahead of the day hikers and have ample time to finish the hike before dark. You do not need to hike the entire trail to get a sense of what its about. The Kalalau Trail on N Pali's stunning Hawaiian coast is one of the most challenging treks in the world. High surf pounds the shore creating extremely turbulent waters. Beware of this fact when exploring the caves. ny.src="../../../reviews/images/blank.gif"; In Na Pali Coast, Places by Makana ChartersJuly 25, 2016. Kee Beach In the early morning wedecided to go for a nice open water swim, http://goingtogetlost.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/going-to-get-lost_black-logo-e1472512038874.png, http://goingtogetlost.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/commando-climb-7.jpg. #30. It's even more difficult to get on a boat to leave the valley in a surge of surf. Parking is limited to two parking lots and you will not want to park streetside if you are leaving your car overnight, as you may receive a ticket. See all 16 reviews. jebett, the designated campsites are right behind Kalalau beach. Throughout the year, temperatures seldom drop below 60F. [OAHU] UPDATED 3/2/23: Keawa Heiau State Recreation Area Aiea Loop Trail isCLOSEDdue to high winds and heavy rain, the heiau area is OPEN. There is a natural stone arch that you can walk beneath and another waterfall that you can stand under. Denny, with all due respect, "law enforcement friends with the DLNR" are not exactly objective observers. DAY-USE RESERVATIONS OR A VALID CAMPING PERMIT, AND PARKING RESERVATIONS ARE NOW REQUIRED TO ACCESS THE KALALAU TRAIL. Would it still be safe during the time we are going? This is where you'll meet some of the permanent residents as well as other campers in the valley. To prevent overpopulation, the Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) allows hunting on weekends in August and September. There is always work to be done in the garden, so if you are going to enjoy some food, lending a hand for an hour or so would be much appreciated and would go a long way for the gardens long-term vitality. document.getElementById('t0').innerHTML="Good"; milwkid9090's first answer is still the best. } You must either boat, helicopter or hike to this secluded destination, but that doesn't mean you can't catch a sneak peak without all the effort. Waterfalls-There are a number of waterfalls in the valley. Secure your car and limit the valuables left inside. Doing this is dangerous so, maybe dont attempt this if you ever find yourself in front of this rock. Hanakoa Campground to Hanakoa FallsThis campground is a quick extra mile located at the halfway point of the main trail up a valley that ends at a waterfall. The people come together to share meals and talk story of their days adventures. This is the version of our website addressed to speakers of English in the United States. And how do I know that ? Facilities include a composting toilet and two roofed shelters. Therefore, the only way to legally hike the trail in its entirety is to do so with a permit, and they can be difficult to obtain. But because there is no legal camping in Kalalau valley, people usually say they camped "at" Kalalau beach to make the distinction. I knew you could camp close to the beach but I didn't think on the beach. A password will be mailed to you! It is up to each individual to know their limits, abilities and level of expertise before attempting any outdoor activity. The answer is, it takes more effort to find a boat to take you there than it does to hike. If you are swept past the beach, there are miles of steep cliffside before you would be able to reach shore. You'll also find a natural shower in the form of Ho'ole'a Falls at the western end of the beach. Its a wonderful place to hang out a night, but during the day its actually too hot and windy. Side note, if you are not a member you can still eat at their outdoor walk-up food counter and it is probably the cheapest meal on the island. For over 20 years we have been offering tours of the Na Pali coast on custom-built touring catamarans that were designed to provide the ultimate touring experience. But I will gladly be corrected if proven wrong. The large waves at Kalalau Beach can make a landing by boat extremely treacherous. We hope you will make the effort to explore Kalalau valley. Kalalau beach is about 1 mile long with plenty of trails heading back to the valley. There was not a peep out of the couple thousand passengers on the deck. Lic# TVNC1058, Secluded and difficult to access beach on Kauai's Na Pali Coast, You should be in good physical condition to hike to the beach and not afraid of heights (the trail is narrow in some areas and involves several stream crossings), Beware of flash floods when crossing streams (don't cross if the water is too high), Kalalau Beach has rip tides, strong currents and a dangerous shorebreak, especially in the winter months, Bring all needed supplies and food with you, Mosquito repellent is a good idea to bring too. As you walk down the beach in Kalalau you feel like you're in a different world. image = 'qw'+rnid + i; Campers are allowed a maximum length stay of 5 nights. And then Jenelyn took it up another notch. They are all worth exploring if you have the time. It is not legal to get out of or land a motorized boat on the beach, however, it is done illegally. It is protected from the deeper ocean by one one of the longest reefs in Kauai. } You just need to be a strong swimmer to get to it. Advance reservations are now required for all vehicles, walk-in entry, and shuttle riders visiting Hena State Park, as well as for day hikers accessing the Kalalau Trail. The white sand beach is a mile long, and, in this seclusion, you'll have no problem picking out your own isolated spot. You'll need to purchase a camping pass for a stay in Kalalau, and they sell out months ahead of time. } Contact the Department of State Parks, (808) 587-0300, weekdays 8 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. A hat is nice to have too. On our trip, we found that the first few miles, due to heavy foot traffic, were in the worst shape, and trail conditions majorly improved further down the trail. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'to_hawaii_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_2',130,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-to_hawaii_com-medrectangle-4-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'to_hawaii_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_3',130,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-to_hawaii_com-medrectangle-4-0_1'); .medrectangle-4-multi-130{border:none !important;display:block !important;float:none !important;line-height:0px;margin-bottom:5px !important;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;margin-top:5px !important;max-width:100% !important;min-height:250px;padding:0;text-align:center !important;}. I think they do it on their regular tour, so the boat is full alreayd. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. It is flanked by sheer canyon walls and it is illegal to boat or kayak there. Also, there are strong rip and alongshore currents, which may be difficult to spot, even if the ocean appears calm. This special spot is beautiful at sunset. We were unaware of sharks and pretty much all the dangerous obstacles. We're not around right now. Expect delays in reaching the upper areas of the park, including Awaawapuhi Trail, Kalalau Lookout, and Pihea Lookout and Trailhead. Travel light. These terraces were replanted with coffee plants in the late 1800s, which are still growing throughout the valley today. The trail drops to sea level at the beaches of Hanakapiai and Kalalau. else if(star_img=='3'){ 4516 Alawai Rd. On the plus side, it is Anini Beach is a narrow sliver of a beach that extends along Kauai's North Shore for somewhat over two miles. shows = 1; As you travel north, prices go up and options are more limited. Equipped with fins, they enter the water at Kalalau and swim over to the even more isolated Honopu Beach, which can only be accessed this way. In between each of the talons lies a valley, and none of them are more beautiful or abundant than Kalalau. There is the main Kalalau trail, as well as several offshoots to waterfalls and swimming holes. There is no cell reception, but there is a payphone. Beaches Kalalau beach is the obvious highlight. Some pre-planning is necessary to hike the entire trail. Nonetheless, you'll find beach areas with calm waters to swim and even snorkel without any issues. else if(star_img=='5'){ else if(star_img=='2'){ The swimming at this stunning beach can be rather dangerous, too. The trailhead is located in Hena State Park at the northwest end of Khi Highway (Route 56). Permits can only be picked up in person at several locations listed on their site. Many hikers turn back when they reach Crawler's Ledge -- a narrow path carved into a cliff that runs for nearly a quarter-mile. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Register in order to post your own listings! I have no idea what they charge. They live in simple camps with no permanent structures, with tarps as their roofs and cooking by the flame of a fire. Please plan accordingly. The hike to the beach is two miles and takes 2 hours. for (i=1; i<=5; i++) { Did you see Todays Groupon for world resorts international? Never allow small children to swim or play in water unattended. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. Kalalau Beach (see more photos) lies at the end of the 11-mile (17.7 km) Kalalau Trail on Kauai's north shore. These illegal residents and some overnight campers can sometimes leave mounds of trash behind in this otherwise beautiful and isolated area. It appears Hawaii Tourism doesn't want people to visit Kauai, Trip Report 2- Outings, Entertainment, Attractions, Kauai St regis or Big Island Four seasons. Aside from environmental concerns, you will face a court date and heavy fines if you get caught. Cross Kalalau Stream to the beach and the camping area. Other waterfalls will be along the journey, offering a much appreciated cold shower. else if(star_img=='4'){ jebett, this isn't Hanakapae Beach the OP is talking about. These valleys are sacred ground to the Hawaiian people and it is our responsibility as hikers to make a conscious effort to preserve and protect the land. Nobody seems to mind, though trading modern creature comforts for a deeper connection to the land around by learning how to coexist with nature instead of profiting off it. [OAHU] UPDATED 2/28/23: Kaena Point State Park Mokuleia Section The vehicle access road will continue to beCLOSED due to heavy rains and saturated road conditions. Touching a manatee is punishable under the Manatee Sanctuary Act, with a fine of up to $500 and/or a jail term of up to 60 days. The trail and activity descriptions are given to give the reader a better understanding of what to expect while hiking and participating in activities in Hawaii. Despite a Portuguese man o war sting, quite a longer swim than expected, and considerably bigger waves then anticipated we made it (just barely)! Permits are obtained via an online portal on the DLNR website here. A few people have made Kalalau Valley their permanent home, even though it is not legal. Swimming is not recommended at Hanakapiai Beach due to dangerous rip currents and wave patterns. When Kalalau came into view the entire boat went silent. ), At the end of the beach theres a massive rock that looks like it fell from high above.(Update 9/14/15: This areawas destroyed in a massive landslide during the winter of 2014-2015. This beach is the end of the walkable coastline. If you are stopped by a park ranger you will be asked to show the permit along with photo id. document.getElementById('t0').innerHTML=" "; If you are a resident of another country or region, please select the appropriate version of Tripadvisor for your country or region in the drop-down menu. Banner Ads (managed by BuySellAds) > Plan your trip accordingly. Those in tip top shape can do it in 8 hours, those more average take 10+. Kalalau Beach Na Pali Coast. When it rains, which on Kauai is all of the time, portions of the trail get muddy and sloppy. This was my favorite part of the trip. mobile app. if (shows){ Operate by the LNT principle and leave no trace behind you. Adjacent is a famous valley, with vast streams, pools and trails. The next day was another bright and beautiful one. When we got to the end of the beach, Seth, Jen, Jen, Cory and Troy put on some fins and swam out. }else{ Be sure to purify your water as it most likely contains leptospirosis, a bacteria from urine. You can also get to this beach via boat, which is fairly commonly done via Kayaks (with a permit). Hanakoa campsite at mile 6 gives hikers the opportunity to spend the night at the halfway point on the trail. For treating minor injuries, carry a first-aid kit with you and learn some of the basics. It can be ankle deep only to plunge down to the depths with no warning. This gap forms a channel that gets filled with water as the waves rush in. Strong winds during the day form lines in the sand. Check overhanging trees for hazards from falling limbs. Maybe this site can answer your question. Originally built in the late 1800s, the trail serves as one of the only ways to access the beautiful Napali Coast via land. My husband and I are both in shape and good swimmers, and would be making the attempt very early morning with fins and a snorkel. List of properly permitted vacation rentals, not condos - 8/15/2017, Weather Questions start here Pls/Best Time of Year to Visit Kauai, How to make reservations at Haena State Park / Ke'e Beach. Camping permits for the Npali Coast SWP (Kalalau Trail) are currently available 90-days in-advance. Pack your backpacking stove, however, stove fuel is not permitted on any airplane and will need to be purchased on the island. State. Camping gear should include a lightweight sleeping bag or blanket, sleeping pad, tent with rainfly, cooking stove and fuel, water purification tablets or filter, first aid kit, mosquito repellent, sunscreen, rain gear, and biodegradable soap. I don't know if there are companies regularly drop people off, but start at the state parks website: Here's the specific link for camping along the trail: http://www.hawaiistateparks.org/parks/kauai/napali.cfm. Lumahai Beach And eventually, our companions returned from their adventure.(Update 9/14/15: This areawas destroyed in a massive landslide during the winter of 2014-2015. SeeSand Island site for updates. Not only is the trail narrow in some places, but it can also be slippery because of loose rocks or if it has recently rained. During the winter months, huge waves crash against the cliffs. Hideaway Beach Seeaosite for updates. If you follow blueflamingo's boating link, you'll find that no tour boats are allowed to land at Kalalau beach, only kayaks. It is 11 miles to get to Kalalau Beach - so if you are talking about going there and having someone pick you up and bring you back.. You'll still have to hike 11 miles to get there - difficult trail - especially past Hanakoa, and you will need a permit from the State to camp there, even for one night. Shutterstock Hawaii, Island of kauai, Na Pali Cliffs How To Hike N Pali And The Kalalau Trail Where To Camp In N Pali Coast State Wilderness Park For a nonresident of Hawaii, permits at the time of writing cost $20 per person/per night. waves can be dangerous - avoid swimming due to riptides and currents. This section is a popular day hike for able-bodied hikers. She said that even the babies were quiet. We will use this opportunity to perform road grading, back filling, downed tree removal, and sand removal from the shower. A maximum stay of 5 nights is allowed in Npali Coast State Park. here. Free Travel Planners for Hawaii & each island, Websites & links for travel sites, attractions, restaurants, maps, lodging & more. And they probably only do this in the summer, when the surf and currents are safe to swim ashore. With swim fins and snorkels in hand, we prepared for a long swim to a secluded beach. return; The mud is slippery and may slow down your hiking time. The faces are sheer and you can see that boulders continuously break off.(Update 9/14/15: This areawas destroyed in a massive landslide during the winter of 2014-2015. Hanalei Pavilion Many of the unforgettable sights on the Na Pali coast are only viewable from the sea, so it is well worth a look. Should I split my stay between 2 locations on Kauai? There are no trash receptacles in the park, and everything you take in, you will need to carry out. The trail crosses the stream well back in the valley, therefore there is no shoreline access at Hanakoa. The Kalalau Valley Trail is a 2-mile hike upvalley over former kalo (taro) terraces with several stream You'll also have to pay for the expensive helicopter ride if you need to be rescued. Join our newsletter for exclusive features, tips, giveaways! The trailhead can be found at the very end of the road on the northern side of the island at Ke'e Beach. The trail crosses Kalalau Stream near the valley mouth before ending at Kalalau Beach and a small waterfall. else Tucked a few hundred yards down the coast is one of the more inaccessible beaches in Hawaii, known as Honopu beach. After crossing the stream about a mile up the valley, the trail becomes more difficult as it meanders over rocks and fallen trees. Please read. Hiking to Hanakpai Valley (2 miles in from trailhead) requires Entry and Parking Reservations at Haena. You can walk into them to explore and take cover from the wind. The upper half of this trail should be hiked only in good weather to avoid dangerous flash floods and falling rocks. Watch for the spumes of air they exhale when they surface to breathe. Hena SP now requires advanced reservations for entry except for those with valid camping permits for the Npali Coast SWP. Book your permits as early as possible for the best chance of getting your preferred dates. The vast majority of Kalalau Beachgoers hike the Kalalau Trail 11 miles one-way to this stunning destination. The rugged, inaccessible coast is made up of a series of green cathedral cliffs that reach out into the ocean like the talons of an island-sized dragon. Like previous poster said, unless you have rough water experience, just don't. Especially, especially right now. But you can send us an email and we'll get back to you, asap. And sunglasses. The strong current would help by pushing them the whole way. A well-marked 2 mile trail into Kalalau Valley ends at a pool in the stream. document.getElementById('rat').value="3"; }, Private and Quiet Luxury Beach House 3 minute walk to beach TVNC#5151, Hale Kahakai: Beachfront home on the Magical North Shore of Kauai, Hawaii Life Rentals presents Modern beach style vacation house, with A/C, Affordable Beach House Just Steps to the Beach Children Welcome! The lookout allows you to walk right to the valley's edge. After selecting the date and time of your visit, youll be able to select the number of entry or parking vouchers required. Some beaches in the city need to be swimmable due to risky conditions of intense waves and sudden descent on the depth of seabeds. At the end is a pool. function textCounter(field, countfield, maxlimit) { The authorized camping areas along the trail do not have tables or drinking water. Indeed, they are living the sustainable life that many in modern society have realized we need to aim for albeit with no modern amenities such as electricity, plumbing, and mass communication. [KAUAI] Kkee State Park - Beginning TUESDAY, MARCH 7, 2023, road repair work will be conducted along Kkee Road between the meadow/lodge area and the first Kalalau Lookout. The only way to access the valley is either by boat or hiking the 11-mile Kalalau trail there are no roads or airstrips here and only government helicopters are authorized to land. Kalalau beach is about 1 mile long with plenty of trails heading back to the valley. More strenuous hiking begins as the steep switchback trail climbs 800 feet out of Hanakapiai valley. Pack a water filtration system such as those sold by Sawyer, Katadyn, or Steripen. Gardens-As stated earlier, there are several gardens in the valley that are a source of food for those staying there. The cliffs of the Na Pali Coast look prehistoric in this area. The stories on this website are provided for entertainment and informational purposes only. Apply for your permit about 6-12 months in advance. Any advice is much appreciated. Most we spoke with ourselves included, recommend hiking all 11 miles in one day. While the crew was away we explored the rock garden and wet cave over here. If you've already made it this far and won't be hiking all the way to Kalalau Beach, you might as well take the 2-mile detour (each way) to Hanakapiai Falls. Day hikes beyond Hanakoa are not recommended. Call at 888-409-2702 during business hours which are 7 AM to 7 PM HST. The shelters are within a complex of old agricultural terraces where Hawaiians once planted taro. Unfortunately, there's no swimming at the beach, due to strong currents. The trail winds through several green valleys and ends at the cliff-lined Kalalau Beach. - 8:00p.m. function mark(star_img,rid) Our Terms and Conditions, which contain an arbitration provision, may be viewed here. There are some companies that offer landing services, meaning they will shuttle you to and from this beach. When you finally get to the beach, you'll marvel at the hikers that have carried 50+ pounds of gear across the hike and over the ledge. [HAWAII] UPDATED 1/20/23: Hapuna Beach State Recreation Area WATER OFFLINE in the park, facilities impacted. Shaded campsites are available beneath the trees behind the beach. Hikers have perished on this stretch of the hike, so you should only cross if you're physically fit and there's plenty of sunlight. selectedText = 'Fine'; Daily, Get in touch with us today to book your tour, The Honu (Sea Turtle) and Its Importance to Hawaii, 6 Tips for Photographing the Na Pali Coast, 5 Interesting Facts about the Na Pali Coast, View From the Top or From the Waters: Discover the Best Way to Explore the Na Pali Coast. Down below you'll see a light and lots of limbs strewn along the . And don't be fooled by the first Kalalau Lookout sign. Groceries, gasoline, and stove fuel are less expensive in the larger towns. The Best Family Friendly Things To Do in LasVegas, Where To Spend Nine Perfect Days in Croatia, New Zealands South Island Is Pure Magic: 6 Natural Wonders You Need ToSee, How To Experience The Rich Black History of Montgomery, Alabama, 11 Things To See, Do, and Eat in Bratislava, Slovakia, How To Experience Undeveloped Beaches and Fresh Seafood In Panama CityBeach, How To Explore Savannah Through the City's New Electric, Open-Roof Cruisers, From Sparkles To Champagne Elevator Rides: What You Need To Know Before Visiting the Eiffel Tower, 10 Things You Need To Know Before Visiting Angkor Wat, Winter Is Actually a Great Time To Visit Michigan's Upper Peninsula, Download the The other is the Big Pool, which isnt exactly that big, but still provides enough room for swimming around and diving in. Go through an awesome archway to find a fresh waterfall and pool to bath in. Drinking the Water Check the website here for trail updates and closures. Checking gear ahead of time could eliminate a real hassle on the trail and is worth the effort.<. We couldnt stay for long as youneed to get back before the waves and the current pick up. (Update 9/14/15: This sea cave was destroyed in a massive landslide during the winter of 2014-2015. The one way price from Hanalei Bay is usually $75-100 and requires swimming a short distance to the boat. But this can be dangerous as the beach here features a short break, and there is unpredictable and shallow sandbar, not to mention illegal. [KAUAI] UPDATED 3/2/23: Polihale State Park Is CLOSED until further notice due to an electrical outage that has put the water pump out of service. Binoculars are helpful to see them in detail. A valid Npali Coast SWP camping permit grants access to Hena SP. document.getElementById('t0').innerHTML=" "; The beach sits at the foot of Kalalau Valley which is the jewel of the Na Pali Coast. After leaving Hanakoa valley, the trail enters drier, more open land which offers little shade from the midday sun. Get in touch with us today to book your tour! Cedar Key Public Beach at Lil Shark Park. el.style.display = 'inline'; Purchase a camping permit here or in person at any State Parks district office. At Kalalau beach, you hike as far as possible on the beach, and then ideally go under a cave arch and arrive on the last beach. I didn't think you camp on the beach. selectedText = 'Poor'; In addition, there is a shallow sand bar that runs parallel to the beach but in spots the ocean floor abruptly drops to levels above your head. You need to bring all food and equipment with you. So if you're afraid of heights, you may not like this trail, especially around the middle of it. View of the ocean from the Kalalau Trail. Wild goats are often seen along the trail route. Please check the Kalalau trail safety concerns before you go hiking. For those with camping permits, get an early start to avoid overexertion in the midday heat. if(star_img=='1'){ Hours: 8:00a.m. I was so happy I brought my sunglasses on this day. Honopu Beach now requires swimming a good 300 or more yards to access the beach.). Naturalists will find a number of points of interest. You'll look up the giant walls of the valley, gaze upon waterfalls and you'll be greeted by abundant wild fruit trees. Other inhabitants of the valley include feral goats. var image; Beginning at Ke`e Beach and ending at Kalalau Valley, this challenging but rewarding hike, earned the Sierra Club's rating of "9" out of "10" in degree of difficulty. ny.src="../../../reviews/images/blank.gif"; selectedVal = '2'; This remarkably beautiful beach has been the scene To learn about the cookies we use and information about your preferences and opt-out choices, please review our Privacy Policy Country. Ocean swimming is not recommended for those unfamiliar with local sea conditions. It is not legal to get out of or land a motorized boat on the beach, however, it is done illegally. ny.src="../../../reviews/images/blank.gif"; On the third day of a recent camping trip in Kalalau, Kauai, we woke up early and walked to the end of Kalalau Beach. Plan your trip accordingly. Take your time and place your feet carefully and you will get through just fine. Polihale Beach document.getElementById('t0').innerHTML="Fine"; Those with Npali Coast SWP Camping Permits do not need to make a Hena SP park entry reservation. Never swim in murky water and never swim in river mouths. document.write("
Who Is Running For Governor In Illinois 2022,
Howard Houses Molesey,
1980 Spirit Lake Tsunami,
Firefly Thinline Telecaster For Sale,
Articles C